S'rîmad Bhâgavatam - Canto 12
Sanskrit, word-for-word and original translation of Swami Prabhupâda
(for the purports one will have to consult the books under the copyright of the BBT)
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Canto 12: "The Age of Deterioration"
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Chapter Eleven - Summary Description of the Mahâpurusha
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TEXT 1
s'rî-s'aunaka uvâca
athemam artham pricchâmo
bhavantam bahu-vittamam
samasta-tantra-râddhânte
bhavân bhâgavata tattva-vit
s'rî-s'aunakah uvâca-S'rî S'aunaka said; atha-now; imam-this; artham-matter; pricchâmah-we are inquiring about; bhavantam-from you; bahu-vit-tamam-the possessor of the broadest knowledge; samasta-of all; tantra-the scriptures prescribing practical methods of worship; râddha-ante-in the definitive conclusions; bhavân-you; bhagavata-O great devotee of the Supreme Lord; tattva-vit-the knower of the essential facts.
TRANSLATION
S'rî S'aunaka said: O Sûta, you are the best of learned men and a great devotee of the Supreme Lord. Therefore we now inquire from you about the definitive conclusion of all tantra scriptures.
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TEXTS 2 - 3
tântrikâh paricaryâyâm
kevalasya s'riyah pateh
angopângâyudhâkalpam
kalpayanti yathâ ca yaih
tan no varnaya bhadram te
kriyâ-yogam bubhutsatâm
yena kriyâ-naipunena
martyo yâyâd amartyatâm
tântrikâh-the followers of the methods of the tantric literatures; paricaryâyâm-in regulated worship; kevalasya-who is pure spirit; s'rîyah-of the goddess of fortune; pateh-of the master; anga-His limbs, such as His feet; upânga-His secondary limbs, such as associates like Garuda; âyudha-His weapons, such as the Sudars'ana disc; âkalpam-and His ornaments, such as the Kaustubha gem; kalpayanti-they conceive of; yathâ-how; ca-and; yaih-by which (material representations);
tat-that; nah-to us; varnaya-please describe; bhadram-all-auspiciousness; te-unto you; kriyâ-yogam-the practical method of cultivation; bubhutsatâm-who are eager to learn; yena-by which; kriyâ-in the systematic practice; naipunena-expertise; martyah-a mortal being; yâyât-may attain; amartyatâm-immortality.
TRANSLATION
All good fortune to you! Please explain to us, who are very eager to learn, the process of kriyâ-yoga practiced through regulated worship of the transcendental Lord, the husband of the goddess of fortune. Please also explain how the Lord's devotees conceive of His limbs, associates, weapons and ornaments in terms of particular material representations. By expertly worshiping the Supreme Lord, a mortal can attain immortality.
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TEXT 4
sûta uvâca
namaskritya gurûn vakshye
vibhûtîr vaishnavîr api
yâh proktâ veda-tantrâbhyâm
âcâryaih padmajâdibhih
sûtah uvâca-Sûta Gosvâmî said; namaskritya-offering obeisances; gurûn-to the spiritual masters; vakshye-I shall speak; vibhûtîh-the opulences; vaishnavîh-belonging to Lord Vishnu; api-indeed; yâh-which; proktâh-are described; veda-tantrâbhyâm-by the Vedas and the tantras; âcâryaih-by standard authorities; padmaja-âdibhih-beginning with Lord Brahmâ.
TRANSLATION
Sûta Gosvâmî said: Offering obeisances to my spiritual masters, I shall repeat to you the description of the opulences of Lord Vishnu given in the Vedas and tantras by great authorities, beginning from lotus-born Brahmâ.
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TEXT 5
mâyâdyair navabhis tattvaih
sa vikâra-mayo virâth
nirmito dris'yate yatra
sa-citke bhuvana-trayam
mâyâ-âdyaih-beginning with the unmanifest stage of nature; navabhih-with the nine; tattvaih-elements; sah-that; vikâra-mayah-also comprising the transformations (of the eleven senses and the five gross elements); virâth-the universal form of the Lord; nirmitah-constructed; dris'yate-are seen; yatra-in which; sa-citke-being conscious; bhuvana-trayam-the three planetary systems.
TRANSLATION
The universal form [virâth] of the Personality of Godhead includes the nine basic elements of creation, starting with the unmanifest nature, and their subsequent transformations. Once this universal form is instilled with consciousness, the three planetary systems become visible within it.
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TEXTS 6 - 8
etad vai paurusham rûpam
bhûh pâdau dyauh s'iro nabhah
nâbhih sûryo 'kshinî nâse
vâyuh karnau dis'ah prabhoh
prajâpatih prajananam
apâno mrityur îs'ituh
tad-bâhavo loka-pâlâ
manas' candro bhruvau yamah
lajjottaro 'dharo lobho
dantâ jyotsnâ smayo bhramah
români bhûruhâ bhûmno
meghâh purusha-mûrdhajâh
etat-this; vai-indeed; paurusham-of the Virâth-purusha; rûpam-the form; bhûh-the earth; pâdau-His feet; dyauh-heaven; s'irah-His head; nabhah-the sky; nâbhih-His navel; sûryah-the sun; akshinî-His eyes; nâse-His nostrils; vâyuh-the air; karnau-His ears; dis'ah-the directions; prabhoh-of the Supreme Lord;
prajâ-patih-the demigod of procreation; prajananam-His genital; apânah-His anus; mrityuh-death; îs'ituh-of the absolute controller; tat-bâhavah-His many arms; loka-pâlâh-the presiding demigods of the various planets; manah-His mind; candrah-the moon; bhruvau-His eyebrows; yamah-the god of death;
lajjâ-shame; uttarah-His upper lip; adharah-His lower lip; lobhah-greed; dantâh-His teeth; jyotsnâ-the light of the moon; smayah-His smile; bhramah-delusion; români-the hairs of the body; bhû-ruhâh-the trees; bhûmnah-of the almighty Lord; meghâh-the clouds; purusha-of the Virâth-purusha; mûrdha-jâh-the hairs upon the head.
TRANSLATION
This is the representation of the Supreme Lord as the universal person, in which the earth is His feet, the sky His navel, the sun His eyes, the wind His nostrils, the demigod of procreation His genitals, death His anus and the moon His mind. The heavenly planets are His head, the directions His ears, and the demigods protecting the various planets His many arms. The god of death is His eyebrows, shame His lower lip, greed His upper lip, delusion His smile, and moonshine His teeth, while the trees are the almighty Purusha's bodily hairs, and the clouds the hair on His head.
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TEXT 9
yâvân ayam vai purusho
yâvatyâ samsthayâ mitah
tâvân asâv api mahâ-
purusho loka-samsthayâ
yâvân-to which extent; ayam-this; vai-indeed; purushah-ordinary individual person; yâvatyâ-extending to which dimensions; samsthayâ-by the position of his limbs; mitah-measured; tâvân-to that extent; asau-He; api-also; mahâ-purushah-the transcendental personality; loka-samsthayâ-according to the positions of the planetary systems.
TRANSLATION
Just as one can determine the dimensions of an ordinary person of this world by measuring his various limbs, one can determine the dimensions of the Mahâpurusha by measuring the arrangement of the planetary systems within His universal form.
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TEXT 10
kaustubha-vyapades'ena
svâtma-jyotir bibharty ajah
tat-prabhâ vyâpinî sâkshât
s'rîvatsam urasâ vibhuh
kaustubha-vyapades'ena-represented by the Kaustubha gem; sva-âtma-of the pure jîva soul; jyotih-the spiritual light; bibharti-carries; ajah-the unborn Lord; tat-prabhâ-the effulgence of this (Kaustubha); vyâpinî-expansive; sâkshât-directly; s'rîvatsam-of the S'rîvatsa mark; urasâ-upon His chest; vibhuh-the almighty.
TRANSLATION
Upon His chest the almighty, unborn Personality of Godhead bears the Kaustubha gem, which represents the pure spirit soul, along with the S'rîvatsa mark, which is the direct manifestation of this gem's expansive effulgence.
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TEXTS 11 - 12
sva-mâyâm vana-mâlâkhyâm
nânâ-guna-mayîm dadhat
vâsas' chando-mayam pîtam
brahma-sûtram tri-vrit svaram
bibharti sânkhyam yogam ca
devo makara-kundale
maulim padam pârameshthhyam
sarva-lokâbhayan-karam
sva-mâyâm-His own material energy; vana-mâlâ-âkhyâm-represented as His flower garland; nânâ-guna-various combinations of the modes of nature; mayîm-composed of; dadhat-wearing; vâsah-His garment; chandah-mayam-consisting of the Vedic meters; pîtam-yellow; brahma-sûtram-His sacred thread; tri-vrit-threefold; svaram-the sacred sound omkâra;
bibharti-He carries; sânkhyam-the process of Sânkhya; yogam-the process of yoga; ca-and; devah-the Lord; makara-kundale-His shark-shaped earrings; maulim-His crown; padam-the position; pârameshthhyam-supreme (of Lord Brahmâ); sarva-loka-to all the worlds; abhayam-fearlessness; karam-which gives.
TRANSLATION
His flower garland is His material energy, comprising various combinations of the modes of nature. His yellow garment is the Vedic meters, and His sacred thread the syllable om composed of three sounds. In the form of His two shark-shaped earrings, the Lord carries the processes of Sânkhya and yoga, and His crown, bestowing fearlessness on the inhabitants of all the worlds, is the supreme position of Brahmaloka.
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TEXT 13
avyâkritam anantâkhyam
âsanam yad-adhishthhitah
dharma-jñânâdibhir yuktam
sattvam padmam ihocyate
avyâkritam-the unmanifest phase of material creation; ananta-âkhyam-known as Lord Ananta; âsanam-His personal seat; yat-adhishthhitah-upon which He is sitting; dharma-jñâna-âdibhih-together with religion, knowledge and so on; yuktam-conjoined; sattvam-in the mode of goodness; padmam-His lotus; iha-thereupon; ucyate-is said.
TRANSLATION
Ananta, the Lord's sitting place, is the unmanifest phase of material nature, and the Lord's lotus throne is the mode of goodness, endowed with religion and knowledge.
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TEXTS 14 - 15
ojah-saho-bala-yutam
mukhya-tattvam gadâm dadhat
apâm tattvam dara-varam
tejas-tattvam sudars'anam
nabho-nibham nabhas-tattvam
asim carma tamo-mayam
kâla-rûpam dhanuh s'ârngam
tathâ karma-mayeshudhim
ojah-sahah-bala-with the power of the senses, the power of the mind and the power of the body; yutam-conjoined; mukhya-tattvam-the principle element, air, which is the vital force within the material body; gadâm-His club; dadhat-carrying; apâm-of water; tattvam-the element; dara-His conchshell; varam-excellent; tejah-tattvam-the element fire; sudars'anam-His Sudars'ana disc;
nabhah-nibham-just like the sky; nabhah-tattvam-the element ether; asim-His sword; carma-His shield; tamah-mayam-composed of the mode of ignorance; kâla-rûpam-appearing as time; dhanuh-His bow; s'ârngam-named S'ârnga; tathâ-and; karma-maya-representing the active senses; ishu-dhim-the quiver holding His arrows.
TRANSLATION
The club the Lord carries is the chief element, prâna, incorporating the potencies of sensory, mental and physical strength. His excellent conchshell is the element water, His Sudars'ana disc the element fire, and His sword, pure as the sky, the element ether. His shield embodies the mode of ignorance, His bow, named S'ârnga, time, and His arrow-filled quiver the working sensory organs.
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TEXT 16
indriyâni s'arân âhur
âkûtîr asya syandanam
tan-mâtrâny asyâbhivyaktim
mudrayârtha-kriyâtmatâm
indriyâni-the senses; s'arân-His arrows; âhuh-they say; âkûtîh-(the mind with its) active functions; asya-of Him; syandanam-the chariot; tat-mâtrâni-the objects of perception; asya-His; abhivyaktim-external appearance; mudrayâ-by the gestures of His hands (symbolizing the giving of benedictions, the offering of fearlessness, and so on); artha-kriyâ-âtmatâm-the essence of purposeful activity.
TRANSLATION
His arrows are said to be the senses, and His chariot is the active, forceful mind. His external appearance is the subtle objects of perception, and the gestures of His hands are the essence of all purposeful activity.
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TEXT 17
mandalam deva-yajanam
dîkshâ samskâra âtmanah
paricaryâ bhagavata
âtmano durita-kshayah
mandalam-the sun globe; deva-yajanam-the place where the Supreme Lord is worshiped; dîkshâ-spiritual initiation; samskârah-the process of purification; âtmanah-for the spirit soul; paricaryâ-devotional service; bhagavatah-of the Personality of Godhead; âtmanah-for the jîva soul; durita-of sinful reactions; kshayah-the destruction.
TRANSLATION
The sun globe is the place where the Supreme Lord is worshiped, spiritual initiation is the means of purification for the spirit soul, and rendering devotional service to the Personality of Godhead is the process for eradicating all one's sinful reactions.
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TEXT 18
bhagavân bhaga-s'abdârtham
lîlâ-kamalam udvahan
dharmam yas'as' ca bhagavâms'
câmara-vyajane 'bhajat
bhagavân-the Personality of Godhead; bhaga-s'abda-of the word bhaga; artham-the meaning (namely, "opulence"); lîlâ-kamalam-His pastime lotus; udvahan-carrying; dharmam-religion; yas'ah-fame; ca-and; bhagavân-the Personality of Godhead; câmara-vyajane-the pair of yak-tail fans; abhajat-has accepted.
TRANSLATION
Playfully carrying a lotus, which represents the various opulences designated by the word bhaga, the Supreme Lord accepts service from a pair of câmara fans, which are religion and fame.
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TEXT 19
âtapatram tu vaikunthham
dvijâ dhâmâkuto-bhayam
tri-vrid vedah suparnâkhyo
yajñam vahati pûrusham
âtapatram-His umbrella; tu-and; vaikunthham-His spiritual abode, Vaikunthha; dvijâh-O brâhmanas; dhâma-His personal abode, the spiritual world; akutah-bhayam-free from fear; tri-vrit-threefold; vedah-the Veda; suparna-âkhyah-named Suparna, or Garuda; yajñam-sacrifice personified; vahati-carried; pûrusham-the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
TRANSLATION
O brâhmanas, the Lord's umbrella is His spiritual abode, Vaikunthha, where there is no fear, and Garuda, who carries the Lord of sacrifice, is the threefold Veda.
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TEXT 20
anapâyinî bhagavatî
s'riîh sâkshâd âtmano hareh
vishvakshenas tantra-mûrtir
viditah pârshadâdhipah
nandâdayo 'shthau dvâh-sthâs' ca
te 'nimâdyâ harer gunâh
anapâyinî-inseparable; bhagavatî-the goddess of fortune; s'rîh-S'rî; sâkshât-directly; âtmanah-of the internal nature; hareh-of Lord Hari; vishvaksenah-Vishvaksena; tantra-mûrtih-as the personification of the tantra scriptures; viditah-is known; pârshada-adhipah-the chief of His personal associates; nanda-âdayah-Nanda and the others; ashthau-the eight; dvâh-sthâh-doorkeepers; ca-and; te-they; animâ-âdyâh-animâ and the other mystic perfections; hareh-of the Supreme Lord; gunâh-the qualities.
TRANSLATION
The goddess of fortune, S'rî, who never leaves the Lord's side, appears with Him in this world as the representation of His internal potency. Vishvaksena, the chief among His personal associates, is known to be the personification of the Pañcarâtra and other tantras. And the Lord's eight doorkeepers, headed by Nanda, are His mystic perfections, beginning with animâ.
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SB 12.11.21
TEXT 21
vâsudevah sankarshanah
pradyumnah purushah svayam
aniruddha iti brahman
mûrti-vyûho 'bhidhîyate
vâsudevah sankarshanah pradyumnah-Vâsudeva, Sankarshana and Pradyumna; purushah-the Supreme Personality of Godhead; svayam-Himself; aniruddhah-Aniruddha; iti-thus; brahman-O brâhmana, S'aunaka; mûrti-vyûhah-the expansion of personal forms; abhidhîyate-is designated.
TRANSLATION
Vâsudeva, Sankarshana, Pradyumna and Aniruddha are the names of the direct personal expansions of the Supreme Godhead, O brâhmana S'aunaka.
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TEXT 22
sa vis'vas taijasah prâjñas
turîya iti vrittibhih
arthendriyâs'aya-jñânair
bhagavân paribhâvyate
sah-He; vis'vah taijasah prâjñah-the manifestations of waking consciousness, sleep and deep sleep; turîyah-the fourth, transcendental stage; iti-thus termed; vrittibhih-by the functions; artha-by the external objects of perception; indriya-the mind; âs'aya-covered consciousness; jñânaih-and spiritual knowledge; bhagavân-the Personality of Godhead; paribhâvyate-is conceived of.
TRANSLATION
One can conceive of the Supreme Personality of Godhead in terms of awakened consciousness, sleep and deep sleep-which function respectively through external objects, the mind and material intelligence-and also in terms of the fourth, transcendental level of consciousness, which is characterized by pure knowledge.
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TEXT 23
angopângâyudhâkalpair
bhagavâms tac catushthayam
bibharti sma catur-mûrtir
bhagavân harir îs'varah
anga-with His major limbs; upânga-minor limbs; âyudha-weapons; âkalpaih-and ornaments; bhagavân-the Personality of Godhead; tat catushthayam-these four manifestations (of vis'va, taijasa, prâjña and turîya); bibharti-maintains; sma-indeed; catuh-mûrtih-in His four personal features (Vâsudeva, Sankarshana, Pradyumna and Aniruddha); bhagavân-the Lord; harih-Hari; îs'varah-the supreme controller.
TRANSLATION
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Hari, thus appears in four personal expansions, each exhibiting major limbs, minor limbs, weapons and ornaments. Through these distinct features, the Lord maintains the four phases of existence.
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TEXT 24
dvija-rishabha sa esha brahma-yonih svayam-drik
sva-mahima-paripûrno mâyayâ ca svayaitat
srijati harati pâtîty âkhyayânâvritâksho
vivrita iva niruktas tat-parair âtma-labhyah
dvija-rishabha-O best of the brâhmanas; sah eshah-He alone; brahma-yonih-the source of the Vedas; svayam-drik-who is self-illuminating; sva-mahima-in His own glory; paripûrnah-perfectly complete; mâyayâ-by the material energy; ca-and; svayâ-His own; etat-this universe; srijati-He creates; harati-He withdraws; pâti-He maintains; iti âkhyayâ-conceived of as such; anâvrita-uncovered; akshah-His transcendental awareness; vivritah-materially divided; iva-as if; niruktah-described; tat-paraih-by those who are devoted to Him; âtma-as their very Soul; labhyah-realizable.
TRANSLATION
O best of brâhmanas, He alone is the self-luminous, original source of the Vedas, perfect and complete in His own glory. By His material energy He creates, destroys and maintains this entire universe. Because He is the performer of various material functions, He is sometimes described as materially divided, yet He always remains transcendentally situated in pure knowledge. Those who are dedicated to Him in devotion can realize Him to be their true Soul.
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TEXT 25
s'rî-krishna krishna-sakha vrishny-rishabhâvani-dhrug-
râjanya-vams'a-dahanânapavarga-vîrya
govinda gopa-vanitâ-vraja-bhritya-gîta
tîrtha-s'ravah s'ravana-mangala pâhi bhrityân
s'rî-krishna-O S'rî Krishna; krishna-sakha-O friend of Arjuna; vrishni-of the descendants of Vrishni; rishabha-O chief; avani-on the earth; dhruk-rebellious; râjanya-vams'a-of the dynasties of kings; dahana-O annihilator; anapavarga-without deterioration; vîrya-whose prowess; govinda-O proprietor of Goloka-dhâma; gopa-of the cowherd men; vanitâ-and the cowherd women; vraja-by the multitude; bhritya-and by their servants; gîta-sung; tîrtha-pious, as the most holy place of pilgrimage; s'ravah-whose glories; s'ravana-just to hear about whom; mangala-auspicious; pâhi-please protect; bhrityân-Your servants.
TRANSLATION
O Krishna, O friend of Arjuna, O chief among the descendants of Vrishni, You are the destroyer of those political parties that are disturbing elements on this earth. Your prowess never deteriorates. You are the proprietor of the transcendental abode, and Your most sacred glories, which are sung by Vrindâvana's cowherd men and women and their servants, bestow all auspiciousness just by being heard. O Lord, please protect Your devotees.
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TEXT 26
ya idam kalya utthâya
mahâ-purusha-lakshanam
tac-cittah prayato japtvâ
brahma veda guhâs'ayam
yah-anyone who; idam-this; kalye-at dawn; utthâya-rising; mahâ-purusha-lakshanam-the characteristics of the Supreme Personality in His universal form; tat-cittah-with mind absorbed in Him; prayatah-purified; japtvâ-chanting to oneself; brahma-the Absolute Truth; veda-he comes to know; guhâ-s'ayam-situated within the heart.
TRANSLATION
Anyone who rises early in the morning and, with a purified mind fixed upon the Mahâpurusha, quietly chants this description of His characteristics will realize Him as the Supreme Absolute Truth residing within the heart.
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TEXTS 27 & 28
s'rî-s'aunaka uvâca
s'uko yad âha bhagavân
vishnu-râtâya s'rinvate
sauro gano mâsi mâsi
nânâ vasati saptakah
teshâm nâmâni karmâni
niyuktânâm adhîs'varaih
brûhi nah s'raddadhânânâm
vyûham sûryâtmano hareh
s'rî-s'aunakah uvâca-S'rî S'aunaka said; s'ukah-S'ukadeva Gosvâmî; yat-which; âha-described; bhagavân-the great sage; vishnu-râtâya-to King Parîkshit; s'rinvate-who was listening; saurah-of the sun-god; ganah-the associates; mâsi mâsi-in each month; nânâ-various; vasati-who reside; saptakah-the group of seven;
teshâm-of them; nâmâni-the names; karmâni-the activities; niyuktânâm-who are engaged; adhîs'varaih-by the various features of the sun-god, who are their controllers; brûhi-please speak; nah-to us; s'raddadhânânâm-who are faithful; vyûham-the personal expansions; sûrya-âtmanah-in His personal expansion as the sun-god; hareh-of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Hari.
TRANSLATION
S'rî S'aunaka said: Please describe to us, who have great faith in your words, the different sets of seven personal features and associates the sun-god exhibits during each month, along with their names and activities. The associates of the sun-god, who serve their lord, are personal expansions of the Supreme Personality of Godhead Hari in His feature as the presiding deity of the sun.
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TEXT 29
sûta uvâca
anâdy-avidyayâ vishnor
âtmanah sarva-dehinâm
nirmito loka-tantro 'yam
lokeshu parivartate
sûtah uvâca-Sûta Gosvâmî said; anâdi-beginningless; avidyayâ-by the illusory energy; vishnoh-of Lord Vishnu; âtmanah-who is the Supreme Soul; sarva-dehinâm-of all embodied living beings; nirmitah-produced; loka-tantrah-the regulator of the planets; ayam-this; lokeshu-among the planets; parivartate-travels.
TRANSLATION
Sûta Gosvâmî said: The sun travels among all the planets and thus regulates their movements. It has been created by Lord Vishnu, the Supreme Soul of all embodied beings, through His beginningless material energy.
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TEXT 30
eka eva hi lokânâm
sûrya âtmâdi-krid dharih
sarva-veda-kriyâ-mûlam
rishibhir bahudhoditah
ekah-one; eva-only; hi-indeed; lokânâm-of the worlds; sûryah-the sun; âtmâ-their soul; âdi-krit-the original creator; harih-the Personality of Godhead, Hari; sarva-veda-in all the Vedas; kriyâ-of the ritualistic activities; mûlam-the basis; rishibhih-by the sages; bahudhâ-variously; uditah-designated.
TRANSLATION
The sun-god, being nondifferent from Lord Hari, is the one soul of all the worlds and their original creator. He is the source of all the ritualistic activities prescribed in the Vedas and has been given many names by the Vedic sages.
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TEXT 31
kâlo des'ah kriyâ kartâ
karanam kâryam âgamah
dravyam phalam iti brahman
navadhokto 'jayâ harih
kâlah-time; des'ah-place; kriyâ-endeavor; kartâ-performer; karanam-instrument; kâryam-specific ritual; âgamah-scripture; dravyam-paraphernalia; phalam-result; iti-thus; brahman-O brâhmana, S'aunaka; navadhâ-in nine phases; uktah-described; ajayâ-in terms of the material energy; harih-Lord Hari.
TRANSLATION
Being the source of the material energy, the Personality of Godhead Lord Hari in His expansion as the sun-god is described in nine aspects, O S'aunaka: the time, the place, the endeavor, the performer, the instrument, the specific ritual, the scripture, the paraphernalia of worship and the result to be achieved.
*****
TEXT 32
madhv-âdishu dvâdas'asu
bhagavân kâla-rûpa-dhrik
loka-tantrâya carati
prithag dvâdas'abhir ganaih
madhu-âdishu-beginning with Madhu; dvâdas'asu-in the twelve (months); bhagavân-the Supreme Lord; kâla-rûpa-the form of time; dhrik-assuming; loka-tantrâya-to regulate planetary motion; carati-travels; prithak-separately; dvâdas'abhih-with twelve; ganaih-sets of associates.
TRANSLATION
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, manifesting His potency of time as the sun-god, travels about in each of the twelve months, beginning with Madhu, to regulate planetary motion within the universe. Traveling with the sun-god in each of the twelve months is a different set of six associates.
*****
SB 12.11.33
TEXT 33
dhâtâ kritasthalî hetir
vâsukî rathakrin mune
pulastyas tumburur iti
madhu-mâsam nayanty amî
dhâtâ kritasthalî hetih-Dhâtâ, Kritasthalî and Heti; vâsukih rathakrit-Vâsuki and Rathakrit; mune-O sage; pulastyah tumburuh-Pulastya and Tumburu; iti-thus; madhu-mâsam-the month of Madhu (Caitra, at the time of the spring equinox); nayanti-lead forth; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
My dear sage, Dhâtâ as the sun-god, Kritasthalî as the Apsarâ, Heti as the Râkshasa, Vâsuki as the Nâga, Rathakrit as the Yaksha, Pulastya as the sage and Tumburu as the Gandharva rule the month of Madhu.
*****
TEXT 34
aryamâ pulaho 'thaujâh
prahetih puñjikasthalî
nâradah kacchanîras' ca
nayanty ete sma mâdhavam
aryamâ pulahah athaujâh-Aryamâ, Pulaha and Athaujâ; prahetih puñjikasthalî-Praheti and Puñjikasthalî; nâradah kacchanîrah-Nârada and Kacchanîra; ca-also; nayanti-rule; ete-these; sma-indeed; mâdhavam-the month of Mâdhava (Vais'âkha).
TRANSLATION
Aryamâ as the sun-god, Pulaha as the sage, Athaujâ as the Yaksha, Praheti as the Râkshasa, Puñjikasthalî as the Apsarâ, Nârada as the Gandharva and Kacchanîra as the Nâga rule the month of Mâdhava.
*****
TEXT 35
mitro 'trih paurusheyo 'tha
takshako menakâ hahâh
rathasvana iti hy ete
s'ukra-mâsam nayanty amî
mitrah atrih paurusheyah-Mitra, Atri and Paurusheya; atha-as well; takshakah menakâ hahâh-Takshaka, Menakâ and Hâhâ; rathasvanah-Rathasvana; iti-thus; hi-indeed; ete-these; s'ukra-mâsam-the month of S'ukra (Jyaishthha); nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Mitra as the sun-god, Atri as the sage, Paurusheya as the Râkshasa, Takshaka as the Nâga, Menakâ as the Apsarâ, Hâhâ as the Gandharva and Rathasvana as the Yaksha rule the month of S'ukra.
*****
TEXT 36
vasishthho varuno rambhâ
sahajanyas tathâ huhûh
s'ukras' citrasvanas' caiva
s'uci-mâsam nayanty amî
vasishthhah varunah rambhâ-Vasishthha, Varuna and Rambhâ; sahajanyah-Sahajanya; tathâ-also; huhûh-Hûhû; s'ukrah citrasvanah-S'ukra and Citrasvana; ca eva-as well; s'uci-mâsam-the month of S'uci (Âshâdha); nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Vasishthha as the sage, Varuna as the sun-god, Rambhâ as the Apsarâ, Sahajanya as the Râkshasa, Hûhû as the Gandharva, S'ukra as the Nâga and Citrasvana as the Yaksha rule the month of S'uci.
*****
TEXT 37
indro vis'vâvasuh s'rotâ
elâpatras tathângirâh
pramlocâ râkshaso varyo
nabho-mâsam nayanty amî
indrah vis'vâvasuh s'rotâh-Indra, Vis'vâvasu and S'rotâ; elâpatrah-Elâpatra; tathâ-and; angirâh-Angirâ; pramlocâ-Pramlocâ; râkshasah varyah-the Râkshasa named Varya; nabhah-mâsam-the month of Nabhas (S'râvana); nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Indra as the sun-god, Vis'vâvasu as the Gandharva, S'rotâ as the Yaksha, Elâpatra as the Nâga, Angirâ as the sage, Pramlocâ as the Apsarâ and Varya as the Râkshasa rule the month of Nabhas.
*****
SB 12.11.38
TEXT 38
vivasvân ugrasenas' ca
vyâghra âsârano bhriguh
anumlocâ s'ankhapâlo
nabhasyâkhyam nayanty amî
vivasvân ugrasenah-Vivasvân and Ugrasena; ca-also; vyâghrah âsâranah bhriguh-Vyâghra, Âsârana and Bhrigu; anumlocâ s'ankhapâlah-Anumlocâ and S'ankhapâla; nabhasya-âkhyam-the month named Nabhasya (Bhâdra); nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Vivasvân as the sun-god, Ugrasena as the Gandharva, Vyâghra as the Râkshasa, Âsârana as the Yaksha, Bhrigu as the sage, Anumlocâ as the Apsarâ and S'ankhapâla as the Nâga rule the month of Nabhasya.
*****
TEXT 39
pûshâ dhanañjayo vâtah
sushenah surucis tathâ
ghritâcî gautamas' ceti
tapo-mâsam nayanty amî
pûshâ dhanañjayah vâtah-Pûshâ, Dhanañjaya and Vâta; sushenah surucih-Sushena and Suruci; tathâ-also; ghritâcî gautamah-Ghritâcî and Gautama; ca-as well; iti-thus; tapah-mâsam-the month of Tapas (Mâgha); nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Pûshâ as the sun-god, Dhanañjaya as the Nâga, Vâta as the Râkshasa, Sushena as the Gandharva, Suruci as the Yaksha, Ghritâcî as the Apsarâ and Gautama as the sage rule the month of Tapas.
*****
TEXT 40
ritur varcâ bharadvâjah
parjanyah senajit tathâ
vis'va airâvatas' caiva
tapasyâkhyam nayanty amî
rituh varcâ bharadvâjah-Ritu, Varcâ and Bharadvâja; parjanyah senajit-Parjanya and Senajit; tathâ-also; vis'vah airâvatah-Vis'va and Airâvata; ca eva-also; tapasya-âkhyam-the month known as Tapasya (Phâlguna); nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Ritu as the Yaksha, Varcâ as the Râkshasa, Bharadvâja as the sage, Parjanya as the sun-god, Senajit as the Apsarâ, Vis'va as the Gandharva and Airâvata as the Nâga rule the month known as Tapasya.
*****
TEXT 41
athâms'uh kas'yapas târkshya
ritasenas tathorvas'î
vidyucchatrur mahâs'ankhah
saho-mâsam nayanty amî
atha-then; ams'uh kas'yapah târkshyah-Ams'u, Kas'yapa and Târkshya; ritasenah-Ritasena; tathâ-and; urvas'î-Urvas'î; vidyucchatruh mahâs'ankhah-Vidyucchatru and Mahâs'ankha; sahah-mâsam-the month of Sahas (Mârgas'îrsha); nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Ams'u as the sun-god, Kas'yapa as the sage, Târkshya as the Yaksha, Ritasena as the Gandharva, Urvas'î as the Apsarâ, Vidyucchatru as the Râkshasa and Mahâs'ankha as the Nâga rule the month of Sahas.
*****
TEXT 42
bhagah sphûrjo 'rishthanemir
ûrna âyus' ca pañcamah
karkothakah pûrvacittih
pushya-mâsam nayanty amî
bhagah sphûrjah arishthanemih-Bhaga, Sphûrja and Arishthanemi; ûrnah-Ûrna; âyuh-Âyur; ca-and; pañcamah-the fifth associate; karkothakah pûrvacittih-Karkothaka and Pûrvacitti; pushya-mâasam-the month of Pushya; nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Bhaga as the sun-god, Sphûrja as the Râkshasa, Arishthanemi as the Gandharva, Ûrna as the Yaksha, Âyur as the sage, Karkothaka as the Nâga and Pûrvacitti as the Apsarâ rule the month of Pushya.
*****
TEXT 43
tvashthâ ricîka-tanayah
kambalas' ca tilottamâ
brahmâpeto 'tha satajid
dhritarâshthra isham-bharâh
tvashthâ-Tvashthâ; ricîka-tanayah-the son of Ricîka (Jamadagni); kambalah-Kambala; ca-and; tilottamâ-Tilottamâ; brahmâpetah-Brahmâpeta; atha-and; s'atajit-S'atajit; dhritarâshthrah-Dhritarâshthra; isham-bharâh-the maintainers of the month Isha (Âs'vina).
TRANSLATION
Tvashthâ as the sun-god; Jamadagni, the son of Ricîka, as the sage; Kambalâs'va as the Nâga; Tilottamâ as the Apsarâ; Brahmâpeta as the Râkshasa; S'atajit as the Yaksha; and Dhritarâshthra as the Gandharva maintain the month of Isha.
*****
TEXT 44
vishnur as'vataro rambhâ
sûryavarcâs' ca satyajit
vis'vâmitro makhâpeta
ûrja-mâsam nayanty amî
vishnuh as'vatarah rambhâ-Vishnu, As'vatara and Rambhâ; sûryavarcâh-Sûryavarcâ; ca-and; satyajit-Satyajit; vis'vâmîtrah makhâpetah-Vis'vâmitra and Makhâpeta; ûrja-mâsam-the month of Ûrja (Kârttika); nayanti-rule; amî-these.
TRANSLATION
Vishnu as the sun-god, As'vatara as the Nâga, Rambhâ as the Apsarâ, Sûryavarcâ as the Gandharva, Satyajit as the Yaksha, Vis'vâmitra as the sage and Makhâpeta as the Râkshasa rule the month of Ûrja.
*****
TEXT 45
etâ bhagavato vishnor
âdityasya vibhûtayah
smaratâm sandhyayor nènâm
haranty amho dine dine
etâh-these; bhagavatah-of the Personality of Godhead; vishnoh-Lord Vishnu; âdityasya-of the sun-god; vibhûtayah-the opulences; smaratâm-for those who remember; sandhyayoh-at the junctures of the day; nrînâm-for such men; haranti-they take away; amhah-sinful reactions; dine dine-day after day.
TRANSLATION
All these personalities are the opulent expansions of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vishnu, in the form of the sun-god. These deities take away all the sinful reactions of those who remember them each day at dawn and sunset.
*****
TEXT 46
dvâdas'asv api mâseshu
devo 'sau shadbhir asya vai
caran samantât tanute
paratreha ca san-matim
dvâdas'asu-in each of the twelve; api-indeed; mâseshu-months; devah-the lord; asau-this; shadbhih-with his six types of associates; asya-for the population of this universe; vai-certainly; caran-traveling; samantât-in all directions; tanute-spreads; paratra-in the next life; iha-in this life; ca-and; sat-matim-pure consciousness.
TRANSLATION
Thus, throughout the twelve months, the lord of the sun travels in all directions with his six types of associates, disseminating among the inhabitants of this universe purity of consciousness for both this life and the next.
*****
TEXTS 47-48
sâmarg-yajurbhis tal-lingair
rishayah samstuvanty amum
gandharvâs tam pragâyanti
nrityanty apsaraso 'gratah
unnahyanti ratham nâgâ
grâmanyo ratha-yojakâh
codayanti ratham prishthhe
nairritâ bala-s'âlinah
sâma-rik-yajurbhih-with the hymns of the Sâma, Rig and Yajur Vedas; tat-lingaih-which reveal the sun; rishayah-the sages; samstuvanti-glorify; amum-him; gandharvâh-the Gandharvas; tam-about him; pragâyanti-sing loudly; nrityanti-dance; apsarasah-the Apsarâs; agratah-in front;
unnahyanti-bind up; ratham-the chariot; nâgâh-the Nâgas; grâmanyah-the Yakshas; ratha-yojakâh-those who harness the horses to the chariot; codayanti-drive; ratham-the chariot; prishthhe-from the rear; nairritâh-the Râkshasas; bala-s'âlinah-strong.
TRANSLATION
While the sages glorify the sun-god with the hymns of the Sâma, Rig and Yajur Vedas, which reveal his identity, the Gandharvas also sing his praises and the Apsarâs dance before his chariot. The Nâgas arrange the chariot ropes and the Yakshas harness the horses to the chariot, while the powerful Râkshasas push from behind.
*****
TEXT 49
vâlakhilyâh sahasrâni
shashthir brahmarshayo 'malâh
purato 'bhimukham yânti
stuvanti stutibhir vibhum
vâlakhilyâh-the Vâlakhilyas; sahasrâni-thousands; shashthih-sixty; brahma-rishayah-great sages among the brâhmanas; amalâh-pure; puratah-in front; abhimukham-facing the chariot; yânti-they go; stuvanti-they offer praise; stutibhih-with Vedic prayers; vibhum-to the almighty lord.
TRANSLATION
Facing the chariot, the sixty thousand brâhmana sages known as Vâlakhilyas travel in front and offer prayers to the almighty sun-god with Vedic mantras.
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TEXT 50
evam hy anâdi-nidhano
bhagavân harir îs'varah
kalpe kalpe svam âtmânam
vyûhya lokân avaty ajah
evam-thus; hi-indeed; anâdi-without beginning; nidhanah-or end; bhagavân-the Personality of Godhead; harih-Lord Hari; îs'varah-the supreme controller; kalpe kalpe-in each day of Brahmâ; svam âtmânam-Himself; vyûhya-expanding into various forms; lokân-the worlds; avati-protects; ajah-the unborn Lord.
TRANSLATION
For the protection of all the worlds, the Supreme Personality of Godhead Hari, who is unborn and without beginning or end, thus expands Himself during each day of Brahmâ into these specific categories of His personal representations.